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Addition & Subtraction

Addition & Subtraction

Learning Objective

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to add and subtract 3-digit numbers confidently while having fun with puzzles, games, and real-life problems!

🚀 Meet the Number Explorers!

Imagine you’re an explorer in the Land of Numbers! Your mission is to unlock treasure chests by solving addition and subtraction puzzles. Each correct answer opens a chest filled with gold coins (or sweets 🍭)!

🔑 Secret Tip: Use the place value grid to help you with these examples!

🌟 What is Addition?

Addition is putting numbers together to find the total.
🔹 Example: 245 + 123 = ?

Step-by-step

1️⃣ Add the ones: 5 + 3 = 8
2️⃣ Add the tens: 40 + 20 = 60
3️⃣ Add the hundreds: 200 + 100 = 300
🎯 Final Answer: 368

Place Value Grid

Addition: 245 + 123

Hundreds
Tens
Ones
2
4
5
1
2
3

3
6
8

245 + 123 = 368

🌟 What is Subtraction?

Subtraction is taking away to find the difference.

With subtraction we often need to borrow from a column to the left (bigger) and move it to the right.

📝 Explanation of Borrowing:

In the example 341 – 176 we need to do some borrowing to solve it.

  • We can’t subtract 6 from 1, so we borrow 1 from the tens column (4 becomes 3).
  • The 1 in the ones place becomes 11.
  • We borrow again from the hundreds column (3 becomes 2), and the tens column becomes 14.

Now, we can subtract:

11 – 6 = 5

14 – 7 = 6

2 – 1 = 1

Step-by-step

1️⃣ Subtract the ones: 2 – 5 (we need to borrow!)
2️⃣ Subtract the tens: 70 – 40 = 30
3️⃣ Subtract the hundreds: 300 – 100 = 200
🎯 Final Answer: 227

Borrowing in Subtraction

Example: 341 - 176

Hundreds
Tens
Ones
3 → 2
4 → 14
1 → 11
1
7
6

1
6
5

341 - 176 = 165

 


🧩 Fun Challenge:

🔎 Can you crack the code?
A treasure chest will only open if you solve this puzzle!
💰 456 + 289 = ?
💰 732 – 418 = ?

 


🎮 Game: “Race to 1000!”

What You Need:

  • Dice 🎲 (or a dice app)
  • A piece of paper

How to Play:

1️⃣ Roll the dice twice and create a 2-digit number.
2️⃣ Keep adding your numbers until you reach 1000!
3️⃣ If you go over, subtract your last number.
🎉 The first one to exactly 1000 wins!

 


📖 Real-Life Math

Did you know?
💰 Shops use addition & subtraction when giving change!
🎟️ Tickets are counted when people enter a cinema!
🏀 Sports scores use addition!