El Niño and La Niña: How the Pacific Ocean Changes Weather Around the World (Parent Q&A)
This guide helps parents support learners aged 11 to 16 as they explore ENSO, the linked changes between the tropical Pacific Ocean and atmosphere. It explains how El Niño and La Niña can influence weather, ecosystems and communities around the world, while stressing that they change probabilities rather than control every event. A 2026 case study shows why European heatwaves and wildfires cannot be explained by ENSO alone.
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